Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Reflection - Essay Example Additionally, the PowerPoint also help to present the understanding that racial profiling is basically an ineffective means of accomplishing whatever task the individual sets out to do. In short, racial profiling only helps due to the fact that it creates a situation in which expectation for a given activity or behavior is created within the mind of the profiler. Another powerful complement of understanding this was the fact that racial profiling oftentimes helps to make stereotypes more powerful. By treating an entire group of people within a certain way, it becomes more likely that these individuals would begin to identify with the way they are treated and exhibit more and more signs of adherence to these stereotypes. Ultimately, within everyday life and within an increasingly globalized world, the extent and level to which racial profiling can be used for any positive benefit is all but nonexistent. Similarly, although there was a great deal of information presented with regards t o diversity and different communication styles that men and women often times engage, the most important aspect of this particular piece of research was due to the fact that it is necessary for the reader/participant to always be mindful of the fact that different people communicate via different styles. Although such an understanding is somewhat dangerous due to the fact that it can create an expectation that men and women are inherently different and behave/communicate via entirely different standards, this is not always the case. Rather, it is important for the stakeholder to realize that women and men are able to express themselves in different ways and two different extents. This mere ability does not mean that they will always do so. From a leadership perspective, it is important to understand this due to the fact that the reader will both be leading man and women regardless of the organization or business entity to which they are responsible. In this way, within one’s personal life, it is necessary to always seek to interact with others so that a type of baseline of communication is represented within the conversation. Although this may seem somewhat obvious, it is oftentimes neglected and can ultimately result in a breakdown of communications and/or a misunderstanding of key information with regards to stakeholders within either of the genders. Lastly, with respect to the PowerPoint presentation concerning extroverts and introverts, the most powerful understanding that this student gained from this presentation was with regards to the fact that neither being an introvert nor an extrovert is necessarily better than the other. All too often within our culture, we are taught that an extrovert will succeed whereas an introvert will ultimately fail within the business environment. However, as the PowerPoint noted, a diversity of these individuals required within disbarment as a means of ensuring that specific strengths within the organization can be spoken to leverage. Whereas the extroverted personality is more likely to engage with others and be outgoing/bold, the introvert is more likely to be a problem solver work quietly within their own respective field. Most importantly, from the information that was provided within the particular PowerPoint presentation, it was noted that both introverts and extroverts have the potential to make exceptional leaders. Whereas leadership has almost always been understood as something that was needful of an extroverted person,

Hitler Rise of Evil Review Essay Example for Free

Hitler Rise of Evil Review Essay In my opinion, the movie Hitler Rise of Evil was a very informative movie, it was very accurate and gave some great insight to me. I thought the costume design was very accurate and good, as well as the portrayal of the lifestyle of back then. One thing I found with this film is that I found it to be accusative of many people in the film. It makes the whole thing seem as though everyone was completely brainwashed by Hitler and that everything was entirely his fault. Although he had a great deal of power and influence, he could not have done what he did without people who chose to believe in him first. If I had to summarize this film in three sentences I would say it opens with a determined young Hitler. Hitler rapidly gains popularity, as well as a few enemies. Hitler has control of everything he needs to proceed with his plans, and is very well on his way there. I learned many things from this movie, but I think the most important one is how he manipulated and persuaded people to do what he wanted. How he pressured President Paul Von Hindenburg into giving him political power. How he was able to get away with murder, because before I had seen the movie I thought majority of the people did not want to side with him but it was more of a do or die situation, but from what I have seen, there was a bit more of a mutual feeling throughout Germany, Austria and those other countries about the Jewish population. I liked how real the movie felt, there was a mood about it that seemed very true to the era. I liked the reactions to Hitler the many different characters had, some were fond of him, others weren’t, but if they made it obvious that they weren’t fans, they wouldn’t have such a happy ending. What I didnt like about the Movie was how insane they made Hitler look from the start, yes, he was a mad man, but he wasn’t always that way. If he had been then who would have followed him. The whole film was also built to be a film, not a documentary, which means that certain things were a bit more dramatic, but because it was a real story, it becomes a bit more misleading. I have only ever experienced discrimination a few times in my life, one of these times was about 5 years ago, on my birthday, after my mother had just announced to the world that we were Jewish. My step-grandmother had an issue with this because she herself was racist against Jewish people. So for my birthday she gave me her gold Jesus Christ necklace. I’m not sure still what she was thinking when she gave it to me, but it was not something that would ever make me convert or change my views on Judaism, which I think was her goal.

Workplace Morals and Ethics

Workplace Morals and Ethics Introduction Over the past few years, principles of morals and ethics have become an integral part of the cultural structure of the workplace. Thus, most organisations and industry associations now incorporate these principles within their code of practice. The inclusion of these principles is intended to improve the professionalism of the business employees. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate how this aid to professionalism is achieved within a property industry environment. Definition of Morals and Ethics Whilst the terms â€Å"ethics† and â€Å"morals† have different meanings, both are intrinsically linked. The RICS professional ethics guide (2000) rely on the definition as ethics being the code of moral principles, with morals being defined as the linked to the expected standard of conduct from the individual. When translating this to a business environment, the society have used the term â€Å"giving of one’s best to ensure that clients interest are properly cared for, but in doing so the wider public interest is also recognised and respected.† However, as a survey carried out by the same organisation (Poon 2004), this code is not unanimously achieved within the property and construction industry, where reduction in ethical standards was perceived by thirty eight percent of the respondents, despite the fact that, when faced with ethical issues, the clients interest were seen as the most important. Moral and ethical principles in the workplace Principles of morals and ethics are uniquely connected with the concept of â€Å"right and wrong† (Harris and Moran 2000, p.321) and therefore, one would expect them to be a primary focus for any organisation and its work ethics. Society itself is based upon the maintenance of certain standards which one would expect to be transferred to the workplace (Harris and Moran 2000, p.7). The same researchers have stated that part of the problems linked with the failures in work ethics can be linked with the way that the media promotes recreation and leisure as more important (ibid p.235). Nevertheless, as the public perceptions of standard has moved more towards standards of quality and service in recent years, organisations have begun to focus on the need for the introduction of ethical codes and standards. All organisations, irrespective of whether they are in a commercial environment or not, are performing a public service. The aim is to provide a product or service to the end user that is fit for the purpose, offered fairly without biased, does not offend, is legal and satisfies the demands and expectations of the consumer. For example, within the construction industry this would mean producing a product (a house) that is fit to be lived in and of a standard that householders would expect. In other organisations connected with the property industry, such as surveyors, fairness and honesty in their service is also expected by the consumer. There are numerous incidence where properties have been found unfit, despite assurances of standard from both the construction and property services organisations. Such issues also arise in the public sector. Despite moves towards a â€Å"market-oriented† system (Gilroy and Woods 2002, p.203), consumers still expect standards to be maintained. Harris and Moran (2000, p.279) state that public service, and for this can be included any service or product delivered to the consumer, â€Å"is a moral responsibility.† However, to achieve this position, moral and ethical principles must be applied both all the business stakeholders, both internal and external. This will include suppliers, employees and consumers. If each is treated fairly and ethically, then they in turn will treat others in the same manner. For example, if a supplier of raw materials is treated unfairly by a construction company, in terms of being pressured to unacceptably reduce prices or wait for payment, in other words treated unfairly, they are likely to feel that it is acceptable for them to treat the construction customer in the same manner. This will reflect on the moral standard the end user receives. Internally within the organisation, the same scenario would apply. If employs are treated unfairly or unequally, it will affect their working ethic. Unfair methods of the promotional choice methods can often reflect this (Harris and Moran 2000, p.187). People who are unfairly excluded from promotion will fell that the company has not treated them ethically or equally, which is part of the reason that equality has become a central part of employment laws (Kirton and Greene 2002, p.201). Moral and ethical codes can only be implemented if based around a â€Å"culture of dialogue† (Farrell et al 2003, p.103). As Simon Webley (2001) of the Institute of Business Ethics suggests it is a matter of asking question, of both oneself and others within the organisations. For the instigator of any decision, Webley suggest that they should consider the following points. Are the reasons for my decision transparent and is there an objection to others knowing the decision-making process? If I make this decision, whom will it affect and will it cause harm? Would others consider this decision fair to all who are affected by it? In essence, it is a question of â€Å"treating others as one would expect to be treated.† Therefore, ethics rely not only upon the behaviour of the individual, but also upon the interaction between groups of people, including management, especially within the workplace (Harris and Moran 2000, p.14). An ethical code will have a positive impact in the workplace and the stakeholders attached to it. Taking the example of the construction industry, if a supplier is treated fairly and in the right manner, they will respond in kind, providing a quality of goods and service that will enhance the delivery ability of the constructor. Similarly, if the construction employee is treated with fairness and consideration, they will become more productive in their work and respond in a positive manner to the customer. Lastly, if the constructor takes an ethical approach to the house that they are building, incorporating the right standards and quality, then the consumer will be satisfied. The result of this ethical process being met at all stages is that the business and all connected with it will be satisfied and secure and the organisations involved will achieve economic growth ((Bellamy and Warleigh, 1998: 453-6). Quoted in Mary Farrell et al 2002, p.114) Conclusion As can be seen from this research, the introduction of ethical codes does improve the actuality of fairness and, from the end users view, the perception of standard. Therefore, the employees of the business, in any position, will be considered to be behaving in a more professional manner. It follows that ethical and moral codes are a significant aid to professionalism. References Farrell Mary et al (eds) (2002). European Integration in the 21st century: Unity in Diversity. SAGE Publications. London, UK. Gilroy Rose and Woods Roberta (2001). Housing Women. Routledge. Oxford, UK. Harris, Philip. R and Moran Robert T (2000). Managing Cultural Differences: Leadership Strategies for a New World of Business. Gulf Publishing. Houston, US. Kirton Gill and Greene Anne-Marie (2001). The dynamics of managing diversity. Butterworth-Heinemann. Oxford, UK. Schneider Susan and Barsoux Jean-Louis (2003). Managing Across Cultures. Prentice Hall. Harlow, UK. Webley, Simon (2007). Eight Steps for a company wishing to develop its own corporate ethics programme. Institute of Business Ethics. Retrieved 14 May 2007 from http://www.ibe.org.uk/developing.html Poon, Dr Joanna (2004). The study of ethical behaviours of surveyors. Retrieved 17 May 2007 from http://www.rics.org/NR/rdonlyres/B5CE6FFE-C764-4648-81DF-C2C6079E68E1/0/ethical_behaviour.pdf Professional ethics (2000). Professional ethics guidance note: Part 1 introduction. Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors. London, UK.

Comparing A London fete and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge Essay

Comparing A London fete and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge A London fete and composed upon Westminster Bridge. I am going to be comparing two poems in this essay the first poem is London fete which was written by a man called Coventry Patmore this poem is about a hanging that took place and about the effect it had on other people who watched. The second poem is composed upon Westminster bridge by William words worth which is about a man who is standing on a bridge describing the view he sees and how he feels looking at this view. The theme to composed upon Westminster Bridge is firstly about nature and beauty and peace. It describes his view of London to be beautiful and how he feels so calm and relaxed from looking at the view. It’s not an angry poem it’s sensuous. A London fete is about violence and death. It has an unhappy theme as it is about a man getting hanged and how viewers are enjoying and getting adrenalin from watching this .the theme is really death and the poem is full of violence. It isn’t relaxing at all as it is a negative mood. The mood in this poem is negative and dull; it shows sad and violent images which puts the mood in this poem bad. For example the poem says â€Å"thousands of eyeballs, lit with hell† which creates a bad mood as it saying people are watching and waiting with evil eyes which isn’t a calm atmosphere. In Westminster Bridge the poem creates a happy positive mood as it contains relaxing words such as â€Å"all bright and glittering in the smoke less air† which creates calm and reflects his love for nature. The mood f these two poems contrast as a London fete is a negative mood and composed upon Westminster Bridge is a positive mood. The setting to these two poets ... ...gings. He objects to the event and the effect on those who watch. It seems to be that he’s trying to show the cruelty to hangings but not just to the person who was killed. For example â€Å"two children caught and hanged a cat† which shows that he’s watching someone being killed has made animals victims too. This is a good technique because it makes people emphasise the animal cruelty and disagree with hangings. In composed upon Westminster Bridge, by the way the poet uses calm and peaceful words it makes you feel relaxed and in a cheerful mood. The poet seems to want us to be more grateful to god as the poem says â€Å"dear god the very houses seem asleep† and it seems he’s being thankful and wants readers to be too. Both these poems are good poems because they involve feelings and thoughts and I think that the poets put a lot of thought into writing them.

Fahrenheit Essay

But Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 staunchly contrasts these other writings; rather than presenting some omniscient tale admonishing its audience of the dangers of government hierarchy, Bradbury uses satire to criticize primarily emerging trends in society, providing an account that deems them equally as harrowing and dangerous as some authoritarian government, although he does include a limited number of strands involving an anti-government theme. This unique aspect of Fahrenheit 451 has earned the attention of critics and supporters alike. Unlike other novels produced during this time period, Bradbury protested a society growing increasingly centered around materialistic comforts and desires and less around the pursuit of intellect. Bradbury did not simply express his concerns about the degradation of intellect however; he encrypted his message in the layers of a complex tale. Written upon every page of the novel is a fragment of information that plays a larger role than superficially understood. Themes involving the value of imagination, the authority of peers, freedom of speech, and the struggle between individualism and conformity emerge once the novel is more than ostensibly examined. In a time period during which everyone felt that â€Å"Big Brother† existed only to suppress the freedoms of humanity, it became easy to forget that people possess that same power; it became easy to forget that when a society loses the ability to think independently, exploitation is inevitable. Rather than making thoughts and conclusions, you are simply told what to think. The â€Å"firemen† of Fahrenheit 451 metaphorically represent the closest thing to government control in the entire book. Bradbury uses firemen for this particular metaphor because as firemen, they are expected to protect and accommodate the needs of people in danger; they are literally the lifesavers of society. Yet in Fahrenheit 451, they set fire to what is good, knowledge and people alike. â€Å"On the front porch where she had come to weigh them quietly with her eyes, her quietness a condemnation, the woman stood motionless. Beatty flicked the switch to spark the kerosene. (Fahrenheit 451) The firemen burned her. This intense contrast between what is expected of firemen in the real world and how the firemen act in Bradbury’s fabricated world emphasizes the importance of their role in the book. The television installers still install televisions, and people still drive too fast, but the firemen no longer extinguish fires, they ignite them, and that is something notable. Equally as notable, the firemen do not set the fires because they are forced to do so; they set fires because they believe it is right. They are the enforcement of censorship. They are the hands of the government. They are the embodiment of evil. Yet the firemen are willing. As spectators to the atrocious society that Bradbury depicts, we cannot help but cringe as the old woman is burned to death, or as the city is finally destroyed. We cannot understand why the firemen are so eager to commit such heinous crimes until we understand what Bradbury’s futuristic society really depicts. It depicts a society composed of puppets that cannot think but only comprehend. The firemen believe it is right to destroy books because that is what Beatty, the fire chief, tells them. They do not ask why, they do not object, they monotonously carry out the task at hand. â€Å"Well, it’s a job just like any other. Good work with lots of variety. Monday, we burn Miller; Tuesday, Tolstoy; Wednesday, Walt Whitman; Friday, Faulkner; and Saturday and Sunday, Schopenhauer and Sartre. We burn them to ashes and then burn the ashes. That’s our official motto. † Guy Montag, the main character, only confirms the notion that the firemen believe it is their duty to burn books, when he provides the reader with a cheery description of his occupation. Also in this riveting effigy of his career, Bradbury has included irony by naming each street after revered authors, adding a sense of pathetic humor to Montag’s situation, while reinforcing a theme of intellectual degradation. Bradbury’s point in having the firemen burn books on their own accord and not on another’s behalf is to emphasize the conclusion that this is a book written about society and its people, not the government that runs it. This is especially important because this part of the book is often misinterpreted. Until the book is examined on a deeper level, Fahrenheit 451 appears to be a story about government censorship, and how the government can force people to stop reading by slowly outlawing certain books until no books are allowed at all. Bradbury explicitly stated in a LA Weekly News interview, â€Å"Fahrenheit 451 is not a story about government censorship.

Brazil Economic Growth Essay

Currently, Brazil’s economy can be said to be better than it was some 30 years ago. This is because of the sustained implementation of policies that aid the economy. However the growth rate has been slowing down since 1980. From that time, there have been vulnerabilities in their public sector balance sheet and the distortion of taxes. This has resulted from the monetary policy that has been implemented in the country (http://www.wilsocentre.org). The growth rate is at 2.7percent although they aim to increase it to around three or four percent. It is also affected by the high interest rates that are experienced in the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Up to 1999, the rates were constantly increasing. This was because of the exchange rate stabilization program that was introduces and after that they rose because of the destabilization policies. The policies were put in place to help curb high inflation rate. This worked because since 1993 the inflation has been decreasing. A lot has actually changed during the governance of President Lula. Since their form of government is federative republic they have the mandate to remove the president from power through voting. The people in power therefore have to ensure that they improve the economy and make good their promises so that they can be voted back. Brazil has been able to move up to number 10 in the world economy scale.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The gross public debt compared to the GDP rates is very high. In June 2007, it had reached and 182 billion. The previous year recorded a debt rate of 157 billion. This is the debt owed to the creditors who are abroad (http://brazileconomy.blogspot.co). The government’s foreign debt in the same time period rose from 64.8 billion to 71.2 billion. Although the ratio between GDP and the gross public debt is skewed towards debt the fiscal surplus has been increasing. It has reached a level of 4.25 percent of the GDP because of the high interest rates. It means that the GDP is also increasing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Brazil concentrates on the production of iron and steel, chemicals, petroleum processing, automobile assembly and cement making (http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com). The motor vehicle assembly industry is the backbone of Brazilian economy. Through foreign investment and construction of other plants the industry is expanding rapidly. The export sector contributes greatly to the growth of the economy. The export intermediary goods contribute 13.5 percent of the economy while the manufactured goods contribute 55 percent of GDP. Most of the intermediary goods are from the steel and iron industry and also the cement making industries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Brazilian economy is controlled by both public and private sector but leans more on the private sector. It allows foreign investment in its industries. It has a lot of natural resources including crude oil, which it mines, and processes. Most of these industries are privately owned and the government benefits from the taxes paid. It works closely with the United States of America. It buys American treasures and as of June 2007 the share of Brazil of he America treasures had risen from 1.7 percent the previous year to 4.2 percent. The relationship between America and Brazil is therefore said to be positive because they buy from each other. America benefits from the Brazilian industries as consumers and also as investors and Brazil benefits in the same way. Reference: Brazil Economy Watch Tuesday September 18th 2007. Retrieved on September 20th 2007 from http://brazileconomy.blogspot.com/ BRAZIL INDUSTRY retrieved on September 20th 2007 from http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Brazil-INDUSTRY.html Economic Policy and Prospects for Reform: Lula’s Second Administration November 2006 retrieved on 20th September 2007 from http://www.wilsoncentre.org/topic/pubs/ThinkingBrazil.24.pdf.

Meiji Restoration - Japan essays

Meiji Restoration - Japan essays The Meiji Restoration was period in Japan when massive changes in ancient Japan. The goal of the Meiji Restoration was summarized in their motto, A rich country, a strong military. In their quest to do so, the Meiji looked to the western civilizations. The Meiji sent young men to study abroad and learn new traits from the west. Before this drastic move the traditional Japanese society was largely isolated from all other civilizations. By doing this the Japanese managed to strengthen the economy, strengthen the government, and make social reforms. Meiji leaders made the economy a major priority. They encouraged Japans business class to adopt western methods. They Japanese built railroads to allow the shipment of goods and transportation of people, a banking system to aid in the expansion of businesses and investors, improved ports to aid in the expansion of trade with other countries, and also organized a telegraph and postal system which enables the spread of news quickly. Another goal of the Meiji was to strengthen the government and make it a strong central power, equal to those of the western powers. In 1889 they adapted the German for of government. It set forth principles that all citizens were equal before the law. Like the German system, however, it gave the ruler autocratic power. A legislature, or diet, was formed, made up of one elected house and one house appointed to the emperor. But its power was extremely limited. Japan then established a western style bureaucracy with separate departments to supervise finance, the army, the navy, and education. Meiji made social reforms to help appease the people and advance their society. The constitution ended legal distinctions between classes, thus freeing people to build the nation. The government set up new schools and universities and hired westerners to teach the new generation modern technology. The reform of the Japanese family system became the top ...

Hurlyburly Play Character Analysis

Hurlyburly Play Character Analysis If Hollywood were a large stone in the middle of a swamp, then David Rabe’s Hurlyburly represents all of the creepy crawlers and slimy disgusting gunk you find underneath the rock. This darkly comic drama is set in the Hollywood Hills. It tells the story of four miserable, self-destructive bachelors, each of whom is pursuing careers in the film industry. They don’t seem the ambitious types, however. The bachelors (Eddie, Phil, Mickey, and Artie) spend their time drinking, womanizing, and ingesting a shocking amount of cocaine. All the while, Eddie - the central character - wonders why his life is slowly rotting away to nothing. The Male Characters Eddie:It is debatable whether or not Eddie and his cohorts learn anything by the conclusion. But the audience gets the picture: Don’t be like Eddie. During the play’s beginning Eddies spends his morning snorting cocaine and eating slightly molded Hostess Snowballs. Eddie desires a steady romance with Darlene (who sometimes dates his roommate). However, once he establishes a committed relationship, he subconsciously dismantles it with his paranoia. Eddie’s life is a ping-pong match, going from meaningless one-night-stand and drug binges to a â€Å"grown-up† life as an up-and-coming casting director. Ultimately, he is unhappy with both sides and takes solace in the belief that his friends are more pathetic than he is. But as he loses his friends, he begins losing the desire to live. Phil:Eddie’s best friend Phil is a fledgling actor and complete loser. During Act One, Phil can’t understand his own aggressive behavior. He verbally and physically abuses women, including the woman he marries and has a child with. As the play continues, Phil’s violence escalates. He picks fights with strangers, bullies his friends, and shoves a blind date out of a moving car! There are few redeeming qualities about Phil, yet he does achieve one sympathetic moment. In Act Two, he holds his baby daughter. As he shows her to his friends he wonders dreamily about her gaze and her smile. He says of children, â€Å"Yes. They are very honest.† It’s a touching moment - one that seems to hint that perhaps Phil will not continue down his dangerous path. Sadly, the hint deceives the audience. In Act Three, Phil’s character embraces oblivion, driving his car off Mulholland Drive. Artie:Artie feels slighted that he isn’t very close to Eddie. Every time he tells Eddie about his latest Hollywood pitch, Eddie is openly pessimistic about Artie’s chances. Yet Artie proves him wrong by finally getting a production deal. Artie’s personality also develops for the better. During Act One, he is as chauvinistic as Eddie and Phil. He finds a homeless teenager living in a hotel elevator. He takes her in, uses her for about a week, and then leaves her at Eddie’s house as a â€Å"present.† despite this disgusting behavior, Artie changes during Act Two after Phil treats his blind date, Bonnie, with such cruelty. Artie gains respect for Bonnie and, instead of using her as an object, he wants to spend time with Bonnie and her child at Disneyland. Mickey:Mickey is the most cold-hearted of the four men. He is also the most level-headed. He doesn’t share Eddie’s addictive behavior, nor does he rampage like the testosterone-driven Phil. Rather, he steals girlfriends from his so-called buddies only to break-up with the women days later. Nothing is terribly important to Mickey. When Eddie is desperately grief-stricken, Mickey tells him to simply get over it. When Eddie is faced with the death of a loved one, Mickey tries to convince him that it wasn’t such a loss. And when Eddie asks, â€Å"What kind of friendship is this?† Mickey replies, â€Å"An adequate one.† The Female Characters All the men treat the women characters so harshly it might be easy to mistake Hurlyburly as misogynistic. After all, the females are portrayed as drug addicts and willing objects of easily-won sexuality. (Which is a fancy way of saying they sleep with a guy five minutes after meeting him). However, despite their obvious flaws, the females in Hurlyburly are the savior characters. Bonnie offers insight and advice to the degenerative Eddie. She also gives Artie a glimpse of a â€Å"normal† sort of relationship, inspiring hope for a more balanced life. Darlene, Eddie’s somewhat serious girlfriend, is the least interesting character, but perhaps that’s simply because she has the most self-respect. All of the other characters are so demented, It’s easy not to notice the quirk-less Darlene, but she plays an important role as Eddie’s prime motive for a less destructive lifestyle. Ultimately, however, she has enough self-esteem to walk away from Eddie, thereby evaporating his motivation. Donna, the homeless teenager, accidentally makes the biggest positive impact. After wandering across California for a year, she returns to Eddie’s house. She arrives on the night Eddie is incredibly high and contemplating suicide. The girl has no idea that Eddie is experiencing these dark thoughts. Nonetheless, thanks to Donna’s philosophical speech about how she thinks the universe works, Eddie realizes that everything in the cosmos pertains to him, that he connected to all things, but it is up to him to decide what those things represent. Donna’s words calm him down, and the drug-crazed, less-than-zero Eddie can finally get some sleep. The question is: What kind of life will he wake up to in the morning? Note to Drama Departments As the character descriptions indicate, Hurlyburly is an intense drama featuring several challenging characters. Although high-school drama departments and family-oriented theaters should stay away from David Rabe’s play due to its language and subject matter, college departments and daring regional theaters should certainly check out this edgy play.

Analog electronic Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analog electronic - Lab Report Example A D.C. voltage of +15 and -15 volts is required to bias the circuit where the application of input voltage is done and the output measured on the DSO. The experiments done were linear operations of the op-amp, where the output is a linear proportion of the voltage difference at the input, up to the saturation point. These were inverting operation, non-inverting operation, differentiation and integration. Before the development of digital electronics technology, computers employed voltages and currents representing numerical quantities to perform calculations electronically. A varying voltage can represent a physical system’s force or velocity. Success of the inverting and non-inverting experiments would determine whether these amplifier configurations could be used to simulate the physical processes by electronically performing mathematical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division in electronics such as calculators and computers. Reactive properties of capacitors were studied in the integration and differentiation experiments to determine whether they can be used to simulate variables that are related by calculus functions. Flow of current through a capacitor is a function of the rate of change of voltage and such a function is designated as differentiation in calculus. This is important in analog computing where for example in simulating a mechanical system, the voltage across the capacitor would stand for an objects’ velocity, the capacitor’s current representing the force to accelerate or decelerate the object and the capacitance of the capacitor being the mass of the object (The "operational" amplifier. 2015). The experiments are also important for the op-amp applications in signal processing, instrumentation and solid-state analog control systems. The capacitor in the forward path and feedback path enables real time differentiation and integration of signals respectively in these systems. Successful

How Children Playing Sports Contributed to a Well-Rounded Child Research Paper

How Children Playing Sports Contributed to a Well-Rounded Child - Research Paper Example The energy possessed by children needs to be fully utilized in co-curricular activities such as sports. Therefore, a well-rounded child can be viewed as that child, who has totally developed physically, socially and mentally thru playing sports from early childhood (Humphrey). Having children participate in sporting activities has over time led to controversies in opinions and as such a bond of contention between educational institutions and other stake holders. Some scholars hold contrary opinions on whether or not children should participate in sports. â€Å"Critics have condemned sport for fostering excessive violence, an overemphasis on competition and winning, and the exploitation of individuals. Sport proponents have extolled the value of sport as a contributor to health, personal fulfillment, and community integration.† (School sports, Encyclopedia of Education). It is vital to have a glance at how sport produces positive results in the education sector and other settin gs for young children. Among the reasons behind these controversies is the notion that if the sports are not well organized can pose a number of dangers notably; cognitive and psychological. Kirk Ericson in his article titled, â€Å"The Negative Effects of Youth Sports† asserts thus â€Å"competitive sports may be too stressful for children; therefore a need to control what sport children play otherwise sports can be injurious. Among the effects cited in the article include; physical injuries on the bones, sprains and strains on the muscles and tendons, injuries inflicted on growth plates and heat related ailments. The other effect justifying by Shields and Gilbert is why kids should not participate in sport activities is because of early burnouts, as a result of stress reaction caused by overstraining and too much play that can dehydrate the child’s body. The article further advocates for a creation of an environment where children will be able to participate and vie w sport as a source of fun and enjoyment. The other factor against sport activities by children is that in the event of competition and play kids use large amounts of energy and therefore the planners of children sport need to engage the services of the diet and nutrition specialists to help guard against inadequate nutrition otherwise sports for children will generate more harm than good. In the contrary opinion scholars and physical education specialists cite enormous benefits gained by children in sports. As stated in one of the articles, â€Å"Numerous studies by Shields and Gilbert support the positive relationship that exists between psychological well-being and regular involvement in physical activity, especially in the areas of reduction of anxiety and depression.† Physically, sport helps children develop a well-built structure of their bodies, for example, the muscles and bones. As Brewer, asserts child development demonstrates that children develop through shared ac tivities such as sports. â€Å"Children grow in and through connections with others† supports the fundamental importance of warm, trusting, supportive and close interpersonal sport relationships to overall well-being (Brewer). Sports therefore play a major role in the social development of a child; it is through play that virtues such as cooperation, team work, discipline, trust, just play and game skills are developed. Intellectual development of

Amsterdam tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Amsterdam tourism - Essay Example tions, tourists are people that travel to and stay in different places that are not their usual environment for a period that exceeds one year for reasons of business, leisure and other reasons altogether (Sharpley 2006, 16). Currently, tourism has become an important and famous global activity undertaken by people during their leisure. In fact, tourism has become one of the leading sources of income in many countries that have created sustainable systems and structures to attract people to view and experience the tourism potential of their countries. During the economic recession in the late 2000s, tourism is one of those industries that were adversely affected, this was during the better part of 2008 until the better part of 2009. Additionally, the outbreak of some of the deadliest diseases affects the tourism industry as people reduce their travelling for leisure or business purposes. Other activities like terrorism also play an important part in influencing people’s travel patterns and behavior across the world (Thompson & Travlou 2007, 48). countries that have enough and varied sceneries stand a better chance to attract people from different parts of the world. This paper examines the tourism potential of Amsterdam City in the Netherlands. It focuses on the internal and external factors influencing the city’s tourism potential. Amsterdam is one of the most populous, as well as the capital of Netherlands. The status of Amsterdam as the capital of Dutch has been provided for in the Netherland’s constitution (Catling 2006, 18). Amsterdam, as the capital of Dutch has a population of approximately 813,562 people in the city-proper. The city’s urban region has about 1, 112, 165 people, while the larger metropolitan area comprises of 1, 575, 263. Amsterdam city is strategically located in the heart of Europe, making it one of the most important tourism in Europe. In fact, the city has often been described as alpha city of the world according to the

''Have courage to use your own reason''-that is th motto of Essay

''Have courage to use your own reason''-that is th motto of enlightenment. What according to Kant is the the task for mankind in - Essay Example Kant argued that enlightenment in a man pertains to a state when the latter has overcome or emerged above his immature self whereby it is claimed that beyond man’s immaturity, there exists sufficient capacity to understand in the absence of external guiding principle. In this proposition, the immaturity of an individual is considered to be imposed upon oneself and an immature person ought to be relieved of anxiety in seeking the ability to discern. On this ground, humans are summoned to initiate with a certain level of responsibility by acknowledging the significance of courage in order to be willing to acquire pertinent means to understand. Otherwise, Kant further stressed that, people who think themselves capable find it rather of an advantage to their ends to obtain guardianship for those who become weakened either by cowardice or indolence. This, if well-managed apart from any trace of corruption or bribery, can serve to put the immature ones on a learning situation where they can start to gain insights which would in turn drive them to exertion. Guardianship or assuming a role with a sense of significant accountability for a portion of incapable multitude occurs to be a serious deed of necessary guidance toward enlightenment, at least the initial step in launching a mature realization. On exercising such potentials, obstacles and frustration are inevitable but a guardian must not cease from anticipating good and poor results alike since the majority of common public who are slaves to idleness have, by frequency of being, been accustomed to remain as they are. Bringing them to the level of maturity entails breaking away from a lifelong habit, hence, enlightenment would be gradual in teaching and learning process that extends to the willful duty to look after the manner by which a thinking is reformed from inaction to the stage filled with sensibility and dynamic rationalization. Enlightenment comes with the wisdom to ascertain which set of reasons is mature enough to be helped at improving one’s well-being upon which the government can act by exposing a dumb nation to several areas of knowledge and non-academic programs that naturally foster a mentally stimulating atmosphere. Once the unknowing citizens begin to recognize both their worth and unique abilities along the way, this marks the first stage of enlightenment that, little by little, proceeds in yielding the desired maturity to deal satisfactorily with personal growth and development. Considering the basic principle behind the motto of enlightenment, in taking courage to avail of one's unique rationalization, a will to freedom breaks off the leash of underdevelopment that makes man complacent with ordinary living without seeing the essence of risks to meet ends that are far more rewarding and sensible in human existence. Where one acknowledges this step as a way to be emancipated out of the old self accompanied with foolish habits, there comes the necessary initia tive or assertion followed by a transforming act to acquire a firm stand over matters. Having courage to use one's own reason gradually progresses in abolishing slavery to the contentment of avoiding fear toward responsibility for one's unique position because then the person sees possibilities of

Independente Movie Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Independente Movie Review - Essay Example Each of these acronyms or words in plastic is synonymous with bad news to the world and the future generations. Nevertheless, a majority of people have failed to understand, or maybe ignored to investigate, the problems posed by continual use of plastic. Addicted to Plastic, a documentary by Ian Connacher, sought to educate people on plastic and its dangers. This point of view documentary is excellent, fascinating, and fear provoking all in one package. Despite the documentary providing a viewer with some moments of humor, the music-video part in the documentary may seem tiresome to some individuals. Nevertheless, the video is a must-see not only to environmental enthusiasts, but also to every member of the society since the use of plastic is multifaceted. The movie took three years of work covering five continents, twelve countries, and two trips to the Pacific Ocean in effect detailing more than one hundred years of using plastic. In this case, the movie provides a history of plastic, provides experts analysis on issues related to toxicity, pollution, recycling of plastic, and biodegradability. In addition, the movie offers solutions to the plastic problem and highlights some of the measures people in some countries are taking in order to deal with the problems related to plastic. One interesting thing from the movie that I liked was Ian Connacher’s use of facts and statistics to explain the problem of plastic, especially on its disposal in the ocean. In this case, Ian associated the toxins used in manufacturing of plastics to the rise of cancer levels and deaths in the world. Thus, viewers are able to realize the dangers that plastic posed to the entire world and take definitive steps aimed at preventing more deaths from cancer due to pollution by plastic. On the other hand, I agree with the documentarys concern on the overall effects of plastic on all ecosystems and each segment of human activities. In this regard, it is evident that plastic

How can tax cuts help revive the economy Explain Essay - 2

How can tax cuts help revive the economy Explain - Essay Example The effect of tax cuts on the macro economy will however depend on the way the taxpayers will use their additional income and adjustment of government to its low income. This is referred to as fiscal policy which contrasts the macroeconomic policy which attempts to control interest rates as well as supply of money in stabilizing the economy. Fiscal policy uses taxation and government expenditure as its two instruments. Changes in taxation levels and government spending impacts on aggregate demand and economic activity level in the economy. It also impacts on pattern of allocation of resources and income distribution. Fiscal policy is used by government to influence economic aggregate demand in the need to achieve price stability, economic growth and full employment. According to Kogan, (2003), tax cuts stimulate the economy together with intervention of interest rates and deficit spending. Economic stimulation can only be realized if the government reduces its expenditure and the tax payers increase their expenditure especially on local commodities. The free market economy advocates argue that economic welfare of people will be improved since people are rational in what they want than the government. The suppliers of economy advocate for tax cuts because they stimulate the economy if the government expenditure is maintained and tax payers spend more of their income on locally produced commodities. This stimulates the economic growth but only on condition that it is properly maintained, otherwise it leads to economic inflation. If the expected revenue increase in the long term is not realized, the government may be left with huge debts to pay and hence a dangerous budgetary crisis. In order that the government determines that the tax cut is or is not worth to the economy, the tax multiplier is used, which measures aggregate production changes as a result of

''Have courage to use your own reason''-that is th motto of Essay

''Have courage to use your own reason''-that is th motto of enlightenment. What according to Kant is the the task for mankind in - Essay Example Kant argued that enlightenment in a man pertains to a state when the latter has overcome or emerged above his immature self whereby it is claimed that beyond man’s immaturity, there exists sufficient capacity to understand in the absence of external guiding principle. In this proposition, the immaturity of an individual is considered to be imposed upon oneself and an immature person ought to be relieved of anxiety in seeking the ability to discern. On this ground, humans are summoned to initiate with a certain level of responsibility by acknowledging the significance of courage in order to be willing to acquire pertinent means to understand. Otherwise, Kant further stressed that, people who think themselves capable find it rather of an advantage to their ends to obtain guardianship for those who become weakened either by cowardice or indolence. This, if well-managed apart from any trace of corruption or bribery, can serve to put the immature ones on a learning situation where they can start to gain insights which would in turn drive them to exertion. Guardianship or assuming a role with a sense of significant accountability for a portion of incapable multitude occurs to be a serious deed of necessary guidance toward enlightenment, at least the initial step in launching a mature realization. On exercising such potentials, obstacles and frustration are inevitable but a guardian must not cease from anticipating good and poor results alike since the majority of common public who are slaves to idleness have, by frequency of being, been accustomed to remain as they are. Bringing them to the level of maturity entails breaking away from a lifelong habit, hence, enlightenment would be gradual in teaching and learning process that extends to the willful duty to look after the manner by which a thinking is reformed from inaction to the stage filled with sensibility and dynamic rationalization. Enlightenment comes with the wisdom to ascertain which set of reasons is mature enough to be helped at improving one’s well-being upon which the government can act by exposing a dumb nation to several areas of knowledge and non-academic programs that naturally foster a mentally stimulating atmosphere. Once the unknowing citizens begin to recognize both their worth and unique abilities along the way, this marks the first stage of enlightenment that, little by little, proceeds in yielding the desired maturity to deal satisfactorily with personal growth and development. Considering the basic principle behind the motto of enlightenment, in taking courage to avail of one's unique rationalization, a will to freedom breaks off the leash of underdevelopment that makes man complacent with ordinary living without seeing the essence of risks to meet ends that are far more rewarding and sensible in human existence. Where one acknowledges this step as a way to be emancipated out of the old self accompanied with foolish habits, there comes the necessary initia tive or assertion followed by a transforming act to acquire a firm stand over matters. Having courage to use one's own reason gradually progresses in abolishing slavery to the contentment of avoiding fear toward responsibility for one's unique position because then the person sees possibilities of

How can tax cuts help revive the economy Explain Essay - 2

How can tax cuts help revive the economy Explain - Essay Example The effect of tax cuts on the macro economy will however depend on the way the taxpayers will use their additional income and adjustment of government to its low income. This is referred to as fiscal policy which contrasts the macroeconomic policy which attempts to control interest rates as well as supply of money in stabilizing the economy. Fiscal policy uses taxation and government expenditure as its two instruments. Changes in taxation levels and government spending impacts on aggregate demand and economic activity level in the economy. It also impacts on pattern of allocation of resources and income distribution. Fiscal policy is used by government to influence economic aggregate demand in the need to achieve price stability, economic growth and full employment. According to Kogan, (2003), tax cuts stimulate the economy together with intervention of interest rates and deficit spending. Economic stimulation can only be realized if the government reduces its expenditure and the tax payers increase their expenditure especially on local commodities. The free market economy advocates argue that economic welfare of people will be improved since people are rational in what they want than the government. The suppliers of economy advocate for tax cuts because they stimulate the economy if the government expenditure is maintained and tax payers spend more of their income on locally produced commodities. This stimulates the economic growth but only on condition that it is properly maintained, otherwise it leads to economic inflation. If the expected revenue increase in the long term is not realized, the government may be left with huge debts to pay and hence a dangerous budgetary crisis. In order that the government determines that the tax cut is or is not worth to the economy, the tax multiplier is used, which measures aggregate production changes as a result of

Imperial Russian Middle Class Essay Example for Free

Imperial Russian Middle Class Essay Before the late 1900s Russia was primarily an agrarian country with a government in the hands of the Tsarist regime however with the advent of the Industrial revolution in Russia changes happened within Russian society resulting in the creation of an Urban middle class. The result of the industrial revolution was that Russia underwent a rapid industrialization and urbanization wherein peasants moved migrated towards the the numerous cities most notably Petrograd (present day St.  Petersburg) due to the opportunity for higher wages that was present there. This sudden rapid industrialization can be attributed to the growth of the capital controlling middle class which encouraged the creation of numerous factories and complexes to feed the growing hunger of the Russian economy for industrially made goods. The end result of this was that the traditional agrarian economy of Russia ands its previous class system was replaced by a growing and popular capitalist system. Impact of the Russian Middle Class on Society. Political Impact During the mid 1800s the growing Russian middle class received a boost from the political reforms enacted at the time resulting in new forums for civic duty and activity for its members. The result was in 1864 an independent judiciary and numerous local assemblies were created as well as numerous city administrations and city councils during the 1870s which resulted in greater control of the middle class over numerous aspects of city governance and operations. Societal Impact The rapid expansion of Russias industrial sector due to its middle class resulted in a societal shift from its previous agrarian culture to an industrial one. The result of course was a migration of peasants to the numerous newly industrialized cities which provided them with a more ample wage than what they were used to as farmed. One unique aspect of this though was that a lot of these workers still continued to keep ties with their families back home in the farming communities that they had come from and at times returned back to their communities for a while only to go back to the cities a few days later. Such actions can be compared to todays overseas workers who work in other countries, keep touch with their family and friends back home and go back and forth between the countries where they worked and countries they came from. It can be said that the industrial revolution in Russia was the reason for the creation of a new culture of distance workers something unheard of at time since most peasants preferred to stay near their homes. Architectural, Economic and Health Impact  It was through the new lifestyles for the peasantry created by the Russian Middle class that a new city centered culture was created wherein to house all these new workers numerous new buildings were created near the factories where the workers could stay in order to be near the place they worked. Unfortunately due to the high prices of dwellings at the time most occupants stay in rooms which they had to share with 4 to 5 other people and the resulting overpopulation in some areas caused the disease to spread rapidly over what was a new class in society, the urban working poor. It wasnt all bad though it was due to the work in the factories that workers were able to buy products within the city that they normally wouldnt have been able to obtain back in their farming communities resulting in a brisk local economy. Conclusion Although the power of the Russian middle class was curtailed by the state in the form of unreasonable qualifications when it came to holding political positions, it was through the Middle class that status of a lot of Russias peasantry was able to improve and Russia was able to enter a new age of industry.

The Ways I Learn English

The Ways I Learn English I was born in a small village outside Kodiang Town. It was a Malay village and most of the villager work as farmer. I was raised up in Malay family and my native language was Malay. My parent work as educator until today, but they had basic knowledge about English because their studies not an English Education. It was a long journey for me to learn English and until this moment I still continue to master this language. Beside English, I also got opportunities to learn Arabic language in a formal education. I also try to learn other foreign language by my own such as Japanese. Even my parents do not talk English at home, but they always encourage and support me to learn English. At the age of four years old my mother always bought many flash card, book with picture, puzzle and colouring book for me. After she getting back from school she will take one of the books and pronounced the word and ask me to repeat it. My mother also uses some English word to teach me about common object that we could found in my house. She will said that is cat, cat, a cat and I will repeated slowly cat. At the age of five years old, my mother had sent me to kindergarten. At there, I started my first formal lesson with English. The teacher teaches us about the letter A to Z, number 1 to 10, spelling and also pronunciations. When I enter primary school by the age of seven years old, I already used few English words in my daily conversation. The common words that I always used with my family and friends is baby, colour, bag, toilet and others. I got very motivated teacher at that time; he always inspired me to talk fluently in English. His name is Mr Zamarul Hisham Bin Kamaruddin. One of his teaching technique is he wanted us to have our own personal dictionaries and each student must bring that dictionaries every day to school. The use of that dictionary is for student to record every single new word that we learn in his classes or from other teacher. I think he did help student a lot in learning this language. During this time my mother also encourages me to read lots. My passion is always on science and technologies and mother know I love science very much. So, she bought me hundreds of English science book during my childhood. Book about fact on animals, plants, car, building and astronomy is among my favorite book at that time. Sometime I does not read at all because science term are difficult to understand for me at that age, but I really love to looking at those picture. Another effort of my mother to make me understand English well is by reading bedtime story books. Each month she will take me to Popular Bookstore to bought one bedtime story book. I always choose story book that have been write by Grid Blyton. The story that he write always have moral value and lesson for children to learn. Every night I spend some time with my mother to read those stories book. I always ask a lot to my mother about each story which such a great curiosity. Beside from reading books and formal lesson in school, another environment which also gives big influence for me to learn English is the exposure to technologies. In early ages, English cartoon program such as Sesame Street, Barney and Friends, Blues Clues and Mickey Mouse and Friends help me to communicate and understand English. Sesame Street encourages me to learn by demonstrating how people use various strategies, such as observing and predicting, to explore the world around me. Watching cartoon in English helps to hone my listening skills and learn how English is actually spoken. In addition through watching television, we learn with our desire and not by force like in classroom. So, I can learn a lot through watching television. I also can learn about general knowledge, science fact and recent news when I watch documentary on National Geographic and Discovery Channel. Another advantage to watching television is the learning of playing with words. English taught in schools can b e very rigid and sometimes the words are straight out of the book. Learning through television though is very good for pronunciation because the learner can actually hear the words spoken as they should be. Another innovation of technologies which help to develop my English skill was computer and mobile phone. As those gadget was invented and it become a trend for everybody to use it, I realized that it also help me to improve my vocabulary in English. All the term used in technologies was an English word and the term like make a call, sending massage, printout, copy and paste and others was widely use after the technologies was invented. I also learn a lot of new vocabulary through playing game on computer. Strategic game such as Red Alert 2, Call of Duty and Modern War used high vocabulary of word to explain the goal of each game. Sometimes I had to open up my dictionaries or seek the certain meaning of words from the internet to understand the task given in the game. If I cannot understand the task or the mission, I cannot compete and win the game. I like to write a narrative essay. This is because narrative or stories is an open essay which I can use my own imagination to write those essays. In public examination such as PMR and SPM, I always choose the narrative essay to answer. My Secondary School teacher, Madam Asliza Binti Zubir always encourages me to develop my fiction writing skill. She gives me a lot of fiction stories for me to get idea and inspiration to write a better first individual essay using my own imagination. My lifes principle for learning language also helps me to improve my English skill. I believe that to master the certain language desire is important for a person to explore and discover the language by himself. It does not need a formal education to learn other language. As long as there are desire and effort, we can learn what ever language we want through any medium of learning. I prove myself by learning Arabic language in school and learning Japanese through anime. I notice that, I easily memorize J apanese words when watching Japanese anime more than all the memorizing activities of Arabic class in school.

Microsurgery: Sewing Blood Vessels and Nerves Back Together :: Health Medicine

Microsurgery: Sewing Blood Vessels and Nerves Back Together A man came into the emergency ward at one o'clock. His thumb came in an hour later. The surgeon's job: get them back together. The successful re-attaching of fingers to hand requires long hours of painstaking work in microsurgery. In the operating room , the surgeon doesn't stand, but sits in a chair that supports her body. Her arm is cradled by a pillow. Scalpels are present as are other standard surgical tools, but the suture threads are almost invisible, the needle thinner than a human hair. And all the surgical activity revolves around the most important instument, the microscope. The surgeon will spend the next few hours looking through the microscope at broken blood vessels and nerves and sewing them back together again. The needles are so thin that they have to be held with needlenosed jeweller's forceps and will sew together nerves that are as wide as the thickness of a penny. To make such a stitch, the surgeon's hands will move no more than the width of the folded side of a piece of paper seen end on! Imagine trying to sew two pieces of spaghetti together and you'll have some idea of what microsurgery involves. Twenty-five years ago, this man's thumb would have been lost. But in the 1960s, surgeon's began using microscopes to sew what previously had been almost invisible blood vessels and nerves in limbs. Their sewing technique had been developed on large blood vessels over a half century earlier but could not be used in microsurgery until the needles and sutures became small enough. The surgical technique, still widely used today, had taken the frustrating unreliability out of sewing slippery, round-ended blood vessels by ingeniously turning them into triangles. To do this, a cut end of a blood vessel was stitched at three equidistant points and pulled slightly apart to give an anchored, triangular shape. This now lent itself to easier, more dependable stitching and paved the way for microsurgery where as many as twenty stitches will have to be made in a blood vessel three millimetres thick. The needle used for this can be just 70 millimetres wide, only ten times the width of a human blood cell. All this technology is focused on getting body parts back together again successfully. The more blood vessels reattached, the better the survival chances for a toe or a finger. The finer the nerve resection, the better the feeling in a damaged part of the face, or control in a previously useless arm. But the wounded and severed body part must be treated

Direct Digital Democracy :: Technology Government Papers

Direct Digital Democracy The central question of this paper is whether or not the rise of the Internet – and, in general, new communications technology – alters â€Å"the limits of the human capacity for self-government.† My answer to this question is no. Advancements in communications technology, no matter how significant or revolutionary they may at first seem, ultimately have no fundamental effect on man’s literal capacity to govern himself. The Internet, like the television, the telephone, and the transatlantic telegraph before that, all have one basic thing in common: each is a tool and not a force of nature. Each must be comprehended, manipulated and applied by an individual, using his own rational faculty and according to his own devices. The technology itself – although complex – is fundamentally no different than the spear, the wheel, the stirrup, the combustible engine, or the space shuttle. Technology does not change man’s fundamental nature, but it does affect how well he lives, what he does, where he goes, and how quickly he can get there. Will the Internet alter the American political system? Indeed it will, and to a large extent already has, by facilitating the work of current government officials and representatives within our present system of representative democracy. But will the Internet revolution drive the American system of government toward direct digital democracy – a â€Å"third transformation† as significant as the transformation from Athenian direct democracy to American representative democracy? Most empirical evidence suggests it will not. Normatively speaking, political scientists ought to retain James Madison’s view that the purpose of gove rnment is to prevent tyranny of the majority and to constrain evil. Therefore, contemporary politicians should openly oppose measures that seek to alter our existing institutions in an effort to make them more conducive to direct democracy, whether digital or not. This Madisonian view of government is neither the sole standard of government in contemporary American society, nor is it the frontrunner among competing political ideologies. I would argue that the mythology of liberalism or populism is accepted as just and revered by most average Americans. In the 2002 Presidential Election, George W. Bush defeated Al Gore in the Electoral College vote, thus winning the presidency, but lost the overall popular American vote by a significant margin.

Family Issues as the Main Cause of Violence Essay

What is the main cause of violence in Master Harold†¦ and the Boys? â€Å"Master Harold†¦ And the Boys† written by Refaat Rayhan uses South Africa during the Apartheid era as the main setting that illustrates institutionalized racism and how it unconsciously affects the characters. Hally’s warm relationship with two black African servants reflects humanity’s potential to dispel racial boundaries. Since Hally has spent a great part of his youth with these two Black African waiters, they created a unique sense of human attachment that may seem peculiar to most people that. Simultaneously however, the political climate due to apartheid system becomes apparent as the story progresses. The play centrally gives the full impact of Hally, Sam and Willie’s simple conversation of the daily events and problems in their lives and how the conversation reflects the hidden effects of Apartheid system with these characters especially on Hally’s part. It is apparent that the dominant manifestation of violence here is how the characters unconsciously respond and conform to racial differences. However, it can be concluded in this story that family issues also triggers the theme of violence in their midst of conservation. Hally who has lacked an optimistic fatherly presence in his life has unconsciously looked to Sam to fill some of that fatherly role. The unsatisfactory image of Hally’s father who is drunken cripple of a man and self centered pervades throughout the play. Hally’s self esteem and self worth has been damaged over the years because of his father’s shortcomings and imperfections. His father trials and tribulations have been shouldered by Hally as his own. Hally’s hostility and ambiguity of character in the play particularly in the conversation is being manifested every time he is being confronted by his mother on the phone call. The conversation of Hally, Sam and Willie started humorously. They initially chatted about ball room competition and later, Hally and Sam teases each other about Wilies’s dancing and his dancing partner. Hally in the beginning of the play displays his fondness and friendly interest in the lives of the boys with his optimistic affirmation and approval of their ballroom dancing. Hally’s ambiguity of character is of course initially discernable on how he unconsciously and subtly respond to the social construction reality of white’s and black’s differences during the whole course of conversation. But let’s focus on family issues as a triggering point that revealed the real nature of Hally and his tendencies to subtly demonstrate racism. The abrupt and short lived call of his mother once in a while disturbs Hally’s moments of optimism and reminisces with his fond memories with two blacks. The violence here is manifested with the mood alteration of Hally every time his mother calls. In the first call, the news that his mother is bringing his father home from the hospital that day makes Hally uneasy. Since he believes that his father has not fully recovered yet makes him disappointed with the news. As a result he becomes agitated with both Sam and Willie, reminding them that they should go back to work. On the second call when her mother confirmed that she is bringing her father home from the hospital, Hally argues with her but loses the argument. He eventually turns his anger loose on Sam and Willie. On the third call of his mother, Hally is forced to speak to his father and pretended to be happy about the homecoming. Sam, aware of what’s happening opposes Hally from disrespecting his father. Hally whose pride is hurt, blows out against Sam as he never has before. Hally out of anger reminded Sam of his status as a servant not a friend or a father or any special relationship. Note that Hally, Sam and Willie speak familiarly and affectionately to each other especially as they reminisce the old days when Hally’s family is out of picture, but the course of the conversation altered as Hally is faced with the pressures of his family issues. Hally’s hidden and unknown familiarity in racial differences taught by his parents is revealed. What is the main cause of violence in American X? The visual approach of the movie especially in the series of flashbacks to the years leading up to Derek’s crime and punishment obviously illustrates violence. One might say that the main theme or reasons of violence here is the disastrous implications of racism and hate since Danny and Derek, who are the main protagonists, are both white supremacist that advocate the conviction that white people are superior than any other race. However, the explanations of Danny and Derek’s radical changes in behavior should not be perceived as relentlessly one dimensional alone but rather should look closer to the Derek and Danny’s family background since the subtle voice- overs in the film also guide the viewers about the events of their family’s life. Derek, on the peaked of his teenage years was initially influenced by his firefighter father who was an assumed racism. When Derek’s father is murdered in a drive by shooting, shortly afterward Derek was transformed from a white ordinary teenager to a vengeance seeking white supremacist. The death of Derek’s father unconsciously influence his future endeavors in different forms of violence. Derek eventually involved himself from minority gangs in their area that commits acts of violence and intimidation. Derek with his skills and abilities became a leader that all these wannabes skinheads look up to including his younger brother Danny. Danny idolizes his bother that inspire his future involvement in crime and punishments. But when Derek was been in prison once and emerge with a desire to change attitudes and fates, Danny got disappointed that reflects change of heart as something brutal. The brutalities manifested in the movie started from Derek’s father up to how Derek greatly influences his brother. Work Cited Page: American History X. Prod. Morrissey, John. McKenna, David. Hess, Jon. Carraro, Bill. Witten, Brian. Peak, Kearie. Turman, Lawrence. De Luca, Michael. Tisch, Steve. Dir. Kaye, Tony. Perf. Edward Norton, Edward Furlong, Beverly D’Angelo, Fairuza Balk, Avery Brooks. New Line Cinema, 1998. Fugard, Athol. â€Å"Master Harold†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ and the Boys. Penguin Books, 1984

Rabbit, Run

Rabbit, Run Rabbit, Run was published in 1960 by American author John Updike. He wrote three more Rabbit novels, one at the end of the '60s, '70s, and '80s. He says these novels became â€Å"a running report on the state of my hero and his nation. † He won the Pulitzer Prize for the â€Å"final† two books. series continued after Rabbit’s death in Updike’s 2001 novella, Rabbit Remembered. In 2006, The Rabbit series was voted number four on The New York Times list of â€Å"the best work of American fiction of the past 25 years. Rabbit, Run was also selected by Time magazine as one of the top 100 books from 1923-2005. And the novel is also listed by the American Library Association as one of the 100 most frequently banned books in the 20th century. Banned? set in 1959, Rabbit, Run touches on some delicate issues, like prostitution, male and female orgasms, alcoholism, adultery, blow jobs, homosexuality (though only briefly and ambiguously), birth control, ab ortion, and even accidental. Its 26-year old protagonist Harry â€Å"Rabbit† Angstrom even leers at 14-year old girls (though only to make his girlfriend jealous).Rabbit, Run also has lots of conversations between people arguing about different Christian philosophies, a main character with a bit of a Jesus Complex, a couple of atheists, and even a Freudian. Rabbit, Run was also what some consider a â€Å"biting critique† of America in 1959 The American Dream meant being married with children, and having the latest in modern appliances and beauty products. Many of these issues are barely visible in the novel, but a working knowledge of America 1959 might help us understand the characters a little better. Themes Rabbit, Run Theme of FearFear pervades Rabbit, Run, though the novel does provide moments of relief. The main character, Harry â€Å"Rabbit† Angstrom thinks he’s caught in a contracting and expanding â€Å"trap,† or â€Å"web,† or â₠¬Å"net. † He runs to counteract the fear this trap produces, though he’s usually running, literally, in circles. Fear drives Rabbit to run, and to be still – to leave, but to always return. He’s afraid the trap he’s stuck in is the trap of mediocrity; he’s sure something better awaits him. So he runs. Yet, he has obligations to others, and he fears that abandoning them makes him a bad man.So he goes back and forth. And back and forth, until his final run at the end of the novel. Rabbit, Run Theme of Religion Rabbit, Run is suffused with religious questioning. Much of the religious debate in the novel relates to variations of Christian philosophy, but Freudianism (treated something like a religion), atheism, and a brief appearance, or rather, disappearance of the Dalai Lama provide interesting contrasts. Some of these perspectives are pretty risky for the McCarthy-ist and Red Scare era 1959 that provides the backdrop for Rabbit, Run.The drowni ng death of a newborn baby challenges the religious beliefs of many of the characters, and even provokes her father to dream of founding a new religion, based on â€Å"the truth† about life and death. The end of the novel does not tell us if he fulfills the dream’s prophecy. Rabbit, Run Theme of Identity Rabbit, Run explores the ways in which individual needs and desires, responsibility, family, religion, pop culture, and The American Dream circa 1959 impact the identities of its characters.The tension between American pioneerism and American conformity results in an identity crisis for the novel’s main character, Harry â€Å"Rabbit† Angstrom as he runs back and forth between them trying to escape an all pervasive â€Å"trap. † The results can be both stunningly beautiful and utterly shattering. The open ending leaves it to our imagination (unless we read the sequel, Rabbit, Redux) as to what extent the characters’ identities are, or arenâ⠂¬â„¢t, changed by the drowning death of Rabbit’s newborn daughter. Rabbit, Run Theme of Drugs and AlcoholJohn Updike’s Rabbit, Run, published in 1960, is obsessed with alcohol and cigarettes. But unless you count delivery room anesthetics, drugs are only mentioned on the first page – some basketball playing kids are smoking weed – almost like Updike, writing about 1959, is predicting the ’60s and ’70s to come. Alcohol is mostly presented as a destructive force; whenever the characters get near it, disaster on small or large-scale results. Cigarettes too are presented as mostly destructive, contributing subtly and not so subtly to the smokers’ problems. Though at one moment a cigarette is seen as â€Å"a wafer of repentance. So go steal the keys to the liquor cabinet and – oh, you know Shmoop’s just kidding! Rabbit, Run Theme of Guilt and Blame Rabbit, Run is a guilt and blame-fest. This starts at the beginning of the n ovel when the main character, Harry â€Å"Rabbit† Angstrom, runs away from his pregnant wife and his son. But when newborn Rebecca June Angstrom drowns in a bathtub, things get messy. Rabbit’s wife Janice admits she drowned the baby while drunk. Yet Rabbit is a prime suspect, especially to himself. He is a suspect precisely because he was not there when the baby died.All of the other characters in the novel are suspects too – everybody simultaneously feels guilty and wants to blame others. Even the novel’s setting, America of 1959, is a suspect. Rabbit, Run Theme of Transience Rabbit, Run’s main character Harry â€Å"Rabbit† Angstrom is in a perpetual state of transience. He’s always on the move, usually on foot, though he’s occasionally found in a motor vehicle. He only stops to sleep and mate, and occasionally, to grab a bite to eat. Why does he run so hard? Because he thinks something better than what he has is waiting for h im.At the same time he’s afraid of deserting the people he cares about. He runs back and forth trying to find some kind of balance. Rabbit, Run challenges us to wonder if we are settling for mediocrity when sitting still, or risking everything when we make a move. Genre: Family drama: Families. Drama. Horror or Gothic Fiction: Mysterious traps. Priests. Hallucinations. Fear. Dead babies. Literary Fiction: Fancy prose style. Neurotic. Quest: Somebody looking for something. Realism: True to life. Mystery: Mysterious crimes. Innocent victims. Trying to find the truth. Tone: Degrading when talking about JaniceSympathetic Many characters in Rabbit, Run say, do, and think harsh things. But a tone of sympathy, and even love pervades. And man are these folks judgmental. Like when Rabbit calls Janice stupid, or when he calls himself a criminal. The tough talking narrator, though it seems to call for a complete overhaul of social norms, also seems to suggest that we are all just people , and people make mistakes. When we are able to identify with flawed or disliked characters, we can sometimes gain real introspection, as well as a deeper understanding of those around us. Rabbit, Run SummaryTwenty-six-year-old Harry â€Å"Rabbit† Angstrom runs home one evening to find his wife, Janice, who is seven months pregnant, at home – without their son Nelson and without the family car – drinking, again. They argue, and he leaves to fetch the car and the boy, but along the way decides to permanently hightail it out of Mt. Judge, Pennsylvania and drive until he gets to the beach. He drives in circles and ends up back in Mt. Judge the next day. Instead of going home, he goes to see his high school basketball coach, Marty Tothero, who introduces him to Ruth Leonard, a sexually experienced woman about his age who has dabbled in prostitution.Rabbit and Ruth hit it off famously, and Rabbit decides to drop his car off for Janice, grab a few clothes, and shack u p with Ruth in the city of Brewer, of which Mt. Judge is a suburb. While leaving his old pad he is pursued by Jack Eccles, the minister of Janice’s family’s church. Eccles and Rabbit develop a friendship of sorts, which mostly consists of Eccles trying to convince Rabbit to return to Janice while battling (and coaching) him on the golf course – and of Rabbit getting into some heavy flirting with Eccles’ wife, Lucy. Two months pass. Rabbit and Ruth are for the most part happy.Rabbit has left his work as a MagiPeel Peeler salesman and found fulfillment in the widowed Mrs. Smith’s fabulous fifty-acre garden. Yet, signs of trouble are emerging in the Rabbit and Ruth household. Ruth is about a month pregnant, but hasn’t told Rabbit yet. Ruth and Rabbit go out for drinks one night and things get ugly. Rabbit feels that Ruth took the side of her old lover, Ronnie Harrison, when Ronnie was clearly giving Rabbit a hard time. Rabbit interrogates Ruth as to her sexual history with Ronnie, and then, upon finding out that she gave Ronnie a blowjob, requires Ruth to give him one to ake up for her traitorous behavior. She does, and a little later that night Reverend Eccles calls to tell Rabbit that Janice is in labor. He leaves Ruth to go to Janice and soon becomes the proud father of one Rebecca June Angstrom. While Janice is recovering, Rabbit moves back into their old apartment with his son Nelson, and cleans the place up while spending quality time with the boy. Janice gets out of the hospital, and things are OK. Janice isn’t drinking. Rabbit is working for her dad, selling used cars. But after nine days both Janice’s body and mind are feeling postpartum strain.That Sunday, Rabbit goes to Eccles’s church for the first time (leaving Janice and the kids at home to rest). He gets into some deep flirting with Lucy Eccles and comes home wanting to have sex NOW with Janice. The baby won’t stop crying though, for like hours, and the whole time Rabbit is trying to get Janice to drink (to put her in the mood), chain smoking, and clinging to her in case she suddenly feels like having sex with him. Finally, the baby stops crying, Nelson goes to bed, and Rabbit gets Janice to take a drink.They get into bed and Rabbit tries to have sex with her. Still sore from giving birth, from her episiotomy, and from Rabbit living with â€Å"a whore,† Janice rebuffs him. He gets mad and leaves. Meanwhile, Janice really does start drinking, and drinks all day Monday in fact. Frantic and depressed, she slaps Nelson. Her mother calls and upsets her, and then she finds that Rebecca June has somehow gotten baby poop all over herself and her crib. Drunk and full of anger, confusion, and fear, Janice tries to give Rebecca a bath and accidentally drowns her.Rabbit calls Eccles that night and finds out what happened. He’d spent the night in a motel and the day trying to catch a glimpse of Ruth, but w ith no luck. He busses back to Mt. Judge full of shame and remorse. Why is he so ashamed? Because he really thinks, most of the time, that he killed his daughter by not being in the apartment at the time of her death. He feels like he took out a hit on the kid when he walked out on Janice. He really convinces himself, and is disappointed that the law doesn’t consider him a suspect.This guilt makes him more determined than ever to work things out with Janice. To stay with her forever to atone for his sins†¦but†¦ At the end of Rebecca June’s burial service he loudly accuses Janice of murdering their daughter and loudly proclaims his innocence. Humiliated, he runs. He runs to Brewer, finds Ruth, and guesses she is pregnant. She is really nasty to him and threatens to abort the baby if he doesn’t divorce Janice so he can marry her. He agrees, but when he steps out to pick up food from the deli, as you’ve probably predicted, he runs†¦And the boo k ends. 950’s: experienced marked economic growth – with an increase in manufacturing and home construction amongst a post-World War II economic boom. 1960’s : In the United States, â€Å"the Sixties†, as they are known in popular culture, is a term used by historians, journalists, and other objective academics and pejoratively to describe the era as one of irresponsible excess and flamboyance. The decade was also labeled the Swinging Sixties because of the fall or relaxation of some social taboos especially relating to sexism and racism that occurred during this time.The 1960s have become synonymous with the new, radical, and subversive events and trends of the period, which continued to develop in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and beyond. In Africa the 1960s was a period of radical political change as 32 countries gained independence from their European colonial rulers 1963 – Martin Luther King Jr. ‘s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech in Washin gton, D. C. , on August 28. 1964 – Civil Rights Act of 1964 signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson. This landmark piece of legislation in the United States outlawed racial segregation in schools, public places, and employment.

Black Music In America Essay Research Paper

Black Music In America Essay, Research Paper Black Music in America: A History Through Its People Tahirah Carter by James Haskins Intro to Music I have decidedly learned allot about the Development of American Music in this category. I found it to be really challenging. So when I was faced with the job of make up ones minding which book I would make my study on, I chose Black Music in America by James Haskins. This book gave a elaborate history of non merely the music genres but it? s performing artists. We already know that American music is made up of music from many different types of cultural backgrounds. What gives this book a plus is that it highlights some other facets of American music, and its performing artists. The points and events that truly caught my attending were the concert vocalizing, Minstrelsies, Jubilee vocals, and brass sets. Born as a slave, a miss by the name of Elizabeth Greenfield moved to Philadelphia. She moved at that place with her Mistress and her parents. Fortunately while in Philadelphia they were set free. At the age of 42 she moved to buffalo New York in order to ship onto new chances as a vocalist. When she reached New York chance came strike harding. She began a calling of concert vocalizing. With a scope of three and one one-fourth octaves you would believe that chance kept knocking, but it didn? T. Therefore she moved to Europe where she would acquire the attending and recognition that was due to her. While in Europe Elizabeth was shown great grasp for he endowment? Even Queen Victoria demanded that she performed for her at the Buckingham Palace. On the history of Elizabeth making so good in Europe, She gained newfound popularity in the provinces. As you see, it wasn? t easy for inkinesss to do a life in the U.S. That forced inkinesss to either perform in Europe or the northern provinces of the U.S.. Some inkinesss even had to fall back to executing in Minstrelsies. Minstrelsies started out as an avenue for Whites that were seeking to ship on new and exciting civilization. At this clip America was free from Britain. Since white America no longer was attached to Britain, they ventured out to derive a sense of American civilization. White folk singer really used to see plantations to analyze the manner inkinesss interacted with each other. For their public presentations, these white Folk singers would take coal and colourise their faces black. Their public presentations consisted of skits, including dance and music, which imitated inkinesss. Initially minstrelsies weren? T brought about with the pure purpose of jabing merriment at Blacks. But after the Civil War things changed. White persons stopped sing the plantation for new s tuff. They began to utilize the same negative stuff over and over once more. This is what gave birth to many of the Stereotypes that African Americans are victim to, even until this really twenty-four hours. James Bland was one of the African Americans whom got his pes in the door by executing and composing in the black face Minstrelsy. After being a portion of white minstrelsies, Bland finally had the chance to play in an all black Minstrel called Haverly # 8217 ; s European Minstrel Show. After the performing artists departed from that group, Bland decided to remain in Europe While populating in Europe Bland was allowed to execute in shows without holding to set on the? darky face. He became highly popular. Finally he returned to the U.S. where he couldn? t tantrum in because American Music had taken a bend since the clip that he left. Bland managed to chant down the black idiom and beat in his public presentations. That may in fact be the ground why at one clip he was so successful. Another group of people that besides tried to sing ( what I? ll call ) ? acceptable? music are The Fisk Jubilee Singers. They were a posh group of vocalists that started out with the purpose to raise money for their school. They began with the program to sing choruses, couples, solos and other? acceptable? signifiers of American Music. Over clip, with the influence of their wise man George White, they began to sing Negroes spirituals. On their first circuit to Europe they sang before Queen Victoria and her royal household. Due to the predominately white audiences hungriness for Old Negroes Spirituals, the Fisk Jubilee vocalists were able to raise a big sum of money for their school. Another sector of the Black music history that I think is extraordinary is the brass set sector. I already knew that the stoping of the civil war made brass set instruments accessible. But what I didn? T know is that another thing that helped popularise brass sets was the regulation of New Orleans that restricted harlotry to black vicinities. This caused? between 15 hundred and twenty two hundred cocottes to put up store in an country that became known as? Storyville? . Even though? Storyville? wasn? t great in morality it was great economically for New Orleans. It made it possible for many concerns to boom. Among those concerns were? Sporting? houses. These? Sporting? houses employed Brass Bands. Brass bands besides played funerals, amusement Parkss, and other community events. Buddy Bolden, a wind innovator, led rather a few New Orleans Brass Bands. During this clip the Creoles and the inkinesss had no pick but to incorporate. Creoles hadn? T truly valued black music, and inkinesss knew that it wasn # 8217 ; T appreciated. Nevertheless that didn? t halt them from playing their Black Marias out. In fact that prompted them to play every bit loud as possible in order to overpower the Creoles. Buddy Bolden was one of the inkinesss that had the ability to make merely that. Along with his strong sound that he strived for, he improvised standard ragtime and blues pieces. Unfortunately he didn? Ts have every bit much control over his life that he had over his trombone. He became an alky, contracted syphilis so finally die in a mental establishment. I? m sorry to state that he died without cognizing his part to the development of what we now call wind. I made a witting determination to foreground the information in this book that I had neer read about in the yesteryear. On the contrary you should cognize that this book contains really elaborate information on the parts of black American music history that is popular in today # 8217 ; s society. It covers everything from slave vocals to Motown. Check it out! Bibliography Black music in America by James Haskins

Amazon's Kindle Fire Old and New 4 P's Research Paper

Amazon's Kindle Fire Old and New 4 P's - Research Paper Example With growing urge for portability, it was important that a product that offers the quality of a complete computer in a portable way be introduced and the computer responded to this squarely. Still on the product, the company was tactical to include in its new feature, services that were absent in the ordinary computer or laptop (Institute of Development Studies, 2012). By this, consumers had something new to buy the Kindle Fire to expect. On the factor of placement or place, it would be said that the computer placed itself so strategic by taking total advantage of web 2.0 and new media that it was virtually impossible for any computer and for that matter internet user to be out of place in terms of accessibility to the product. This is because the product was launched directly onto the internet to make online purchases possible. There were therefore no limitations in terms of place or location. The computer also used the power of social media to promote its product as advertisement and publicity of the product was all over the social networks and other digital media (Mangalindan, 2012). This way, users of social media, who are said to be the highest users of the internet, were made to thirst for owning one of the product. Finally, the Kindle Fire came onto the market as the cheapest tablet PC and this was an important competitive advantage as the product was introduced just around the time the world economy was recov ering from global economic shocks and thus consumers preferred value for money in their buying (Ovide, 2012). As the years went by, competition became tougher on the tablet PC market and so it was just right and appropriate that Amazon respond squarely to keep its place on the market for the Kindle Fire. For this reason, a market strategy that was more focused on internal structures and systems rather than external systems was instituted. This internal strategy took its source from

Article Analyses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Analyses - Essay Example It has been opined by scholars that such organizational â€Å"dysfunctions can be overcome when members of well-designed teams collaborate to formulate and implement a performance strategy that is uniquely suited to task and situational requirements †¦. Explicit co-ordination processes are necessary for tasks that are highly interdependent †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Woolley, et. al. 354). Any work of analysis encompasses several steps and unless there is a close proximity between all these steps it becomes tough for members to produce an effective team work. Thus, simple integration with specific strategy planning is not sufficient but it is also equally important that leader of the team should attempt to ensure the elements of mutual communication as well as assistance. Unless the leader has sufficient â€Å"spatial† and â€Å"object memory ability† (Woolley, et. al. 355), the members cannot be managed properly. More or less, members of a team are required to have these qua lities but in practical situation, it is not possible that they would be experts in exercising of both these qualities. Thus, for the purpose of maintaining balance in team performance, it is required that members would complement and supplement each other. However, such process of complementing cannot be fulfilled only with expertise of the leader (â€Å"coordinating member†); rather â€Å"interpersonal diversity† of members and their respective â€Å"personal skills and experience† are also necessary to fill up the gaps (Woolley, et. al. 356). In order to overcome these problems, in case of organizational functioning of a team associated with analytical jobs, systematic evaluation of data and searching for proper modes of evidence are very important. Unless proper coordination can be ensured among team members, there will be gap amongst assimilating these two most crucial steps of analytics. Consequently,